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Compare Monaco (2001) - Spratly Islands (2006)

Compare Monaco (2001) z Spratly Islands (2006)

 Monaco (2001)Spratly Islands (2006)
 MonacoSpratly Islands
Administrative divisions none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo -
Age structure 0-14 years:
15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375)

15-64 years:
62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083)

65 years and over:
22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products none -
Airports linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service 3 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
Area total:
1.95 sq km

land:
1.95 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea
Area - comparative about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC NA
Background Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef, but has not made any formal claim.
Birth rate 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$518 million

expenditures:
$531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)		 -
Capital Monaco -
Climate Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers tropical
Coastline 4.1 km 926 km
Constitution 17 December 1962 -
Country name conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco

conventional short form:
Monaco

local long form:
Principaute de Monaco

local short form:
Monaco		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands
Currency French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco -
Diplomatic representation in the US Monaco does not have an embassy in the US

consulate(s) general:
New York		 -
Disputes - international none all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough. Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh -
Electricity - imports NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by France (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mont Agel 140 m		 lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol		 -
Ethnic groups French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958)

head of government:
Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government		 -
Exports $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red -
GDP purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 43 44 N, 7 24 E 8 38 N, 111 55 E
Geography - note second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
Heliports 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) -
Highways total:
50 km

paved:
50 km

unpaved:
0 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France -
Independence 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products -
Infant mortality rate 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% -
International organization participation ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) -
Labor force 30,540 (January 1994) -
Land boundaries total:
4.4 km

border countries:
France 4.4 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (urban area)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque -
Legal system based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction -
Legislative branch unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.98 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
83.12 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
99%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 -
Location Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
Map references Europe Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea:
12 NM		 NA
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs, of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
National holiday National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November -
Nationality noun:
Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)

adjective:
Monegasque or Monacan		 -
Natural hazards NA typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
Natural resources none fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
Net migration rate 7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 31,842 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states (2004)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.46% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Monaco -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) -
Radios 34,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
1.7 km

standard gauge:
1.7 km 1.435-m gauge		 -
Religions Roman Catholic 90% -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.69 male(s)/female

total population:
0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
modern automatic telephone system

domestic:
NA

international:
no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 31,027 (1995) -
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations 5 (1998) -
Terrain hilly, rugged, rocky flat
Total fertility rate 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 3.1% (1998) -
Waterways none -
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